Interview Questions on Cloud.
1. What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud Computing is the delivery of computing services over the internet, including storage, processing, and networking.
2. What are the different types of cloud deployment models?
Public Cloud, Private Cloud, Hybrid Cloud, and Community Cloud.
3. What are the different types of cloud services?
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service), PaaS (Platform as a Service), SaaS (Software as a Service).
4. What are the benefits of Cloud Computing?
Scalability, Cost Efficiency, Security, Reliability, and Flexibility.
5. What is virtualization in cloud computing?
Virtualization is the process of creating a virtual version of hardware resources to improve efficiency and scalability.
6. What is the difference between scalability and elasticity?
Scalability is the ability to grow resources over time, while elasticity is the ability to dynamically allocate resources based on demand.
7. What is a hypervisor?
A hypervisor is software that enables virtualization by allowing multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical machine.
8. What is serverless computing?
Serverless computing is a cloud execution model where cloud providers dynamically manage server resources.
9. What is edge computing?
Edge computing is the practice of processing data closer to the source, reducing latency and bandwidth usage.
10. What is multi-cloud?
Multi-cloud is the use of multiple cloud service providers to optimize performance and avoid vendor lock-in.
11. What is hybrid cloud?
Hybrid cloud is a combination of public and private cloud environments for better flexibility and scalability.
12. What is cloud bursting?
Cloud bursting is the practice of running workloads on a private cloud and shifting overflow to a public cloud when needed.
13. What are containers in cloud computing?
Containers are lightweight, portable, and self-sufficient environments for running applications consistently across platforms.
14. What is Kubernetes?
Kubernetes is an open-source platform for automating container orchestration and management.
15. What is the difference between containers and virtual machines?
Containers share the host OS kernel, making them lightweight, whereas VMs run separate OS instances on a hypervisor.
16. What is an API Gateway?
An API Gateway manages and routes API requests in cloud environments.
17. What is DevOps in cloud computing?
DevOps is a set of practices that combine development and IT operations to improve deployment efficiency.
18. What are microservices?
Microservices are an architectural style where applications are built as a collection of loosely coupled services.
19. What is a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?
A CDN is a distributed network of servers that deliver web content efficiently to users worldwide.
20. What are security risks in cloud computing?
Data breaches, insider threats, misconfigurations, and lack of compliance.
21. What is IAM (Identity and Access Management)?
IAM is a framework for managing access to cloud resources securely.
22. What is disaster recovery in cloud computing?
Disaster recovery is a strategy for ensuring data recovery and business continuity in case of system failures.
23. What are cloud SLAs?
Service Level Agreements (SLAs) define performance guarantees between cloud providers and customers.
24. What is cloud monitoring?
Cloud monitoring involves tracking cloud resources for performance, security, and cost efficiency.
25. What are reserved instances in cloud computing?
Reserved instances offer discounted pricing for long-term cloud resource commitments.
26. What is cloud orchestration?
Cloud orchestration automates the management, coordination, and organization of cloud services.
27. What is cloud automation?
Cloud automation uses scripts and tools to manage cloud environments with minimal human intervention.
28. What is cloud-native architecture?
Cloud-native architecture is a design approach that leverages cloud computing advantages to build scalable applications.
29. What is an availability zone in cloud computing?
An availability zone is an isolated data center within a cloud region designed for high availability.
30. What is fault tolerance in cloud computing?
Fault tolerance is the ability of a cloud system to continue functioning even in the event of failures.
31. What is cloud cost optimization?
Cloud cost optimization involves strategies to minimize cloud expenses while maintaining performance.
32. What is a load balancer in cloud computing?
A load balancer distributes incoming traffic across multiple servers to ensure performance and reliability.
33. What is a cloud firewall?
A cloud firewall is a security solution that protects cloud environments from unauthorized access and threats.
34. What is cloud compliance?
Cloud compliance ensures that cloud deployments adhere to industry regulations and security standards.
35. What is a Service Mesh?
A Service Mesh is a dedicated infrastructure layer for managing service-to-service communication in a cloud-native environment.
36. What is cloud security posture management (CSPM)?
CSPM is a set of security tools that help monitor and manage security risks in cloud environments.
37. What is data migration in cloud computing?
Data migration is the process of moving data from on-premises or another cloud provider to a new cloud environment.
38. What is cloud bursting in hybrid cloud?
Cloud bursting is dynamically expanding workloads from a private cloud to a public cloud when demand spikes.
39. What are cloud storage tiers?
Cloud storage tiers categorize data storage based on access frequency and cost, such as hot, cold, and archival storage.
40. What is a cloud gateway?
A cloud gateway is a network appliance that enables on-premises applications to connect to cloud services.
41. What is the difference between cloud storage and traditional storage?
Cloud storage is scalable, pay-as-you-go, and accessible over the internet, whereas traditional storage requires physical hardware.
42. What is a cloud access security broker (CASB)?
A CASB is a security solution that monitors and enforces security policies across cloud services.
43. What is the difference between high availability and disaster recovery?
High availability ensures minimal downtime, while disaster recovery focuses on restoring systems after failures.
44. What are ephemeral storage and persistent storage in the cloud?
Ephemeral storage is temporary and deleted after use, whereas persistent storage retains data permanently.
45. What is cloud analytics?
Cloud analytics is the process of analyzing data using cloud-based tools and services.
46. What is edge-to-cloud computing?
Edge-to-cloud computing integrates edge devices with cloud resources for enhanced data processing and analytics.
47. What is a cloud-native database?
A cloud-native database is designed for cloud scalability, availability, and performance.
48. What is cloud governance?
Cloud governance defines policies and controls for cloud resource management and security.
49. What is cloud sandboxing?
Cloud sandboxing provides an isolated environment for testing applications without affecting production systems.
50. What are some key cloud trends for the future?
AI-driven cloud automation, multi-cloud strategies, serverless computing, and enhanced cloud security.